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Piles are collections of tissue and vein that become inflamed and swollen. The size of piles can vary, and they are found inside or outside the anus. 

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An anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus (the opening through which stool passes out of the body) that extends upwards into the anal canal.

A fistula-in-ano is an abnormal tract or cavity with an external opening in the perianal area that is communicating with rectum or anal canal by an identifiable internal opening.

Haemorrhoids are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum or anus. Typical symptoms are pain, itching and bleeding around the anal area.

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Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are enlarged veins situated in or around the back passage (anus). They occur when these blood vessels become swollen in a similar way to varicose veins in the legs.

Under pressure the blood vessels in and around the anus stretch. Straining whilst on the toilet, chronic coughing and lots of heavy lifting are common ways that pressure in the abdomen is increased and that in turn results in increased pressure in the veins located around the anus. Pregnancy, being overweight and childbirth can also cause haemorrhoids.

Since straining on the toilet is one of the commonest reasons why haemorrhoids develop, avoiding constipation and having to strain is vital to improve symptoms. Eating a healthy diet that contains plenty of fresh fruit, vegetables and other fibre, drinking plenty of water, keeping active and keeping stress levels under control all help the bowel to function properly.

Ice packs help reduce swelling and sitting in a warm bath filled with plain water for 10 minutes several times a day will relieve symptoms too. Don’t be over-hygienic when washing since this may cause more irritation. Try not to sit for long periods of time since this may cause more irritation. 

Sometimes haemorrhoids will need to be treated surgically. If your doctor advises this then surgical treatment may involve laser heat treatment, chemical solution injections (sclerotherapy), rubber band ligation, or surgical removal of the haemorrhoids. The operation recommended depends upon whether the haemorrhoids are internal or external.

Make sure your diet contains plenty of fibre, drink lots of fluids and increase the amount of exercise you get. These measures will help prevent constipation, one of the main causes of haemorrhoids. Check out with our specialist for advice on how to avoid the problem.