Cervical cancer: prevention, detection and treatment
Pace Hospitals
Cervical cancer is a serious health problem in developing countries like India. India alone bears 23% of the global cervical cancer burden. In India, it is the second most common cancer in women. Peak age of incidence is 55–65 years. Deaths due to cervical cancer can be prevented by regular screening tests and follow up. Unfortunately, most women in India are not aware about the screening.
Cervical cancer risk factors
- Persistent infection of the cervix with Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Having multiple sex partners
- Having first sexual intercourse at a young age
- Giving birth to many children
- Smoking
- Poor personal hygiene
- Having other diseases which lower immunity such as HIV / AIDS
- Use of immunosuppressive drugs, transplant etc.
When and who should consult a doctor?
- Women with history of Abnormal vaginal bleeding, unusually longer or heavier periods, bleeding after and spotting menopause
- Unusual or excessive white vaginal discharge with foul smell
- Vaginal bleeding after having sexual intercourse
- Pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic pain
- Pain during sexual intercourse
How to prevent carcinoma cervix?
- Primary prevention is through HPV vaccination and Secondary prevention through periodic cervical cancer screening
- Pap smear is a simple test that is done to collect a few cells from the cervix and help to diagnose pre-cancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix
What is the ideal time for a Pap test?
Idea time is between 10 to 20 days from the first day of menstrual period.
How to reduce the risk of cervical cancer?
One can reduce the risk of cervical cancer through:
- Practicing safe sex
- Maintaining good personal hygiene
- Using a condom while intercourse
- Having fewer sexual partners and delaying intercourse
- Not smoking
Treatment of cervical cancer
Treatment of cervical cancer may include Surgery, Chemotherapy and /or Radiation therapy depending on the stage, age and desire of the patient and preference of the treating physician.
We can knock out cervical cancer by 3 Steps:
- Regular Pap smear testing
- Early Vaccination
- HPV testing as required.
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