Cardiogenic Shock Diagnosis, Treatment & Cost

PACE Hospitals provides advanced cardiogenic shock treatment in Hyderabad, India, delivering rapid care for this life-threatening heart emergency. Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart fails to pump enough blood, commonly due to a severe heart attack. Our ICU & Critical Care team manages all types of cardiogenic shock with continuous monitoring and advanced life-support systems.


We ensure timely cardiogenic shock diagnosis through ECG, echocardiography, and cardiac tests. Comprehensive management, including inotropic support and emergency cardiac interventions, is guided by the underlying causes and stages of cardiogenic shock to improve survival outcomes.

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Cardiogenic shock Diagnosis in Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Cardiogenic Shock Diagnosis

Diagnosis of cardiogenic shock is a medical emergency focused on rapidly identifying severe heart pump failure that leads to dangerously low blood pressure and inadequate blood supply to vital organs. The diagnosis is confirmed through clinical evaluation, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac biomarkers, chest imaging, echocardiography to evaluate heart function, and hemodynamic monitoring to evaluate cardiac output and filling pressures.

To determine the appropriate diagnostic approach, the interventional cardiologist or critical care specialist (intensivist) considers the following factors before selecting the tests to diagnose cardiogenic shock:

  • Medical history
  • Physical examination

Medical history

  • Medical history plays an important role in diagnosing cardiogenic shock, as it helps identify the underlying cardiac cause and assess risk factors before confirmatory tests are performed.
  • When a patient presents with low blood pressure(hypotension), shortness of breath, confusion, or reduced urine output, doctors immediately ask about recent symptoms such as sudden chest discomfort, sweating, palpitations, nausea, or severe breathlessness, which may indicate an acute myocardial infarction or serious arrhythmia. 
  • A history of heart failure, previous heart attack, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, or poorly controlled hypertension further increases suspicion. 
  • The doctor also takes information about diabetes, smoking, delayed hospital arrival after chest pain, or recent cardiac procedures, which also provide important clues.
  • By linking current signs of poor organ perfusion with a background of significant heart disease, the doctor can strongly suspect cardiogenic shock and proceed rapidly with appropriate investigations and treatment.

Physical examination

  • Physical examination is essential for early diagnosis, as it helps doctors quickly identify signs of poor heart pumping and reduced blood flow to vital organs. 
  • Patients commonly presented with low blood pressure (hypotension), which reflects the heart's inability to maintain adequate circulation. A rapid, weak pulse can be felt because the body tries to compensate for decreased cardiac output by increasing heart rate.
  • During examination, the skin may appear cold, pale, and clammy, indicating peripheral vasoconstriction as the body redirects blood to essential organs like the brain and heart. 
  • Doctors may also assess for any changes in mental status, confusion, or restlessness, which suggest reduced blood flow to the brain. The patient may also be presented with decreased urine output, which reflects impaired kidney perfusion.
  • During chest examination, physicians may detect crackles in the lungs, indicating fluid accumulation (pulmonary edema) due to left ventricular failure. Elevated jugular venous pressure may be seen in cases involving right-sided heart failure. Heart sounds may reveal murmurs if a mechanical complication, such as valve rupture, is present.

✅Diagnostic evaluation of cardiogenic shock

Based on the above information, a cardiologist or critical care specialist advises urgent diagnostic tests to confirm cardiogenic shock and determine its underlying cause, while also assessing the severity of heart pump failure and its impact on vital organs.

The following tests may be recommended as a diagnostic approach to cardiogenic shock and related complications:

  • Hemodynamic criteria
  • Hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg for more than 30 minutes)
  • Reduced cardiac index (< 2.2 L/min/m²)
  • Elevated filling pressures (for e.g., pulmonary capillary wedge pressure > 15 mmHg)
  • Laboratory Investigations
  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • Cardiac enzymes
  • Cardiac troponins T and I
  • NP or NT-proBNP (brain natriuretic peptide)
  • Arterial blood gas (ABG)
  • Serum lactate
  • Renal and liver function tests
  • Electrolytes
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Imaging studies
  • Chest X-ray
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Echocardiography 
  • Nuclear scan of the heart
  • Invasive hemodynamic monitoring (Swan-Ganz catheterisation)

Hemodynamic Criteria 

This provides objective evidence that the heart is failing to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. These include:

  • Hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg for more than 30 minutes): In cardiogenic shock, the primary problem is pumping failure, usually due to severe myocardial dysfunction such as acute myocardial infarction. When hypotension lasts for more than 30 minutes despite adequate fluid status, it suggests that the heart cannot sustain systemic perfusion, which is an important diagnostic criterion for cardiogenic shock.
  • Reduced cardiac index (< 2.2 L/min/m²): Cardiac index is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute adjusted for body surface area. A value below 2.2 L/min/m² indicates reduced cardiac output. In cardiogenic shock, weak heart muscle function reduces blood flow. This shows pump failure instead of other issues. Monitoring blood flow, often with a pulmonary artery catheter, can help measure the drop and support the diagnosis.
  • Elevated filling pressures (e.g., pulmonary capillary wedge pressure > 15mmHg): This indicates that blood is backing up into the heart because it cannot pump effectively. In cardiogenic shock, the failing myocardium leads to reduced cardiac output and hypotension, while ventricular pressures rise due to blood accumulation. The combination of low cardiac output with high filling pressures confirms cardiac pump failure as the cause of shock, distinguishing it from other types where filling pressures are usually low.

Laboratory Investigations

  • Complete blood count (CBC): This test examines the red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. In cardiogenic shock, it assists clinicians in determining whether there is anemia, infection, or inflammation that could worsen the illness. For example, reduced hemoglobin levels can reduce oxygen delivery to organs, while high white blood cells may suggest infection as a possible trigger.
  • Cardiac enzymes: These are substances released into the blood when heart muscle cells are damaged. If these levels are high, it suggests that a heart attack or severe heart injury has occurred. Since cardiogenic shock often develops after a major heart attack, raised cardiac enzymes help confirm that heart muscle damage is the cause.
  • Cardiac troponins T and I: Troponins are highly specific markers of heart muscle injury. Elevated troponin T or I levels indicate damage to the heart muscle, most commonly from a heart attack. In cardiogenic shock, high troponin levels confirm that the heart’s pumping failure is due to serious cardiac injury.
  • B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or NT-proBNP: These hormones are released when the heart is stretched due to increased pressure or fluid overload. High levels suggest heart failure or severe strain on the heart. 
  • Arterial blood gas (ABG): An arterial blood gas test measures oxygen, carbon dioxide, and blood acidity levels. In cardiogenic shock, oxygen levels may be low, and the blood may become more acidic due to poor circulation. 
  • Serum lactate: Lactate increases when tissues do not receive enough oxygen. In cardiogenic shock, poor blood flow causes organs and muscles to switch to emergency energy production, leading to higher lactate levels. A high lactate level is a warning sign that the body’s organs are not getting enough blood supply.
  • Renal and liver function tests: These tests measure how well the kidneys and liver are working. In cardiogenic shock, reduced blood flow can damage these organs. Abnormal kidney or liver results indicate that shock is affecting multiple organs and help to assess the severity of the condition.
  • Electrolytes: Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium are important for heart rhythm and muscle function. Imbalances can worsen heart failure or cause abnormal heartbeats. Checking electrolyte levels helps to correct any imbalance that may contribute to cardiogenic shock.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

ECG records the heart’s electrical activity and helps doctors quickly identify the cause of cardiogenic shock. The most common cause is a severe heart attack, and an ECG can show typical changes that indicate blocked blood flow to the heart muscle. It also detects dangerous heart rhythm problems, such as very fast or very slow heartbeats, which can suddenly reduce the heart’s pumping ability.

Imaging Studies

  • Chest X-ray: A chest X-ray helps doctors see the size of the heart and the condition of the lungs. In cardiogenic shock, the heart may appear enlarged, and fluid may be seen in the lungs (pulmonary edema) because blood backs up when the heart cannot pump properly. This explains symptoms like severe breathlessness and supports the diagnosis of heart-related shock.
  • Coronary angiography: It is a specialised test that uses dye and X-ray imaging to look at the heart’s blood vessels. It helps identify blockages in the coronary arteries, which are the most common cause of heart attack, leading to cardiogenic shock. Finding a severe blockage confirms that poor blood supply to the heart muscle is the reason for pump failure.
  • Echocardiography: It shows real-time images of the heart’s structure and pumping function. It helps to evaluate how well the heart muscle is contracting. In cardiogenic shock, the heart’s pumping strength is severely reduced. Echocardiography can also detect complications like valve rupture or fluid around the heart, which may cause sudden shock.
  • Nuclear scan of the heart (optional): This evaluates blood flow to different areas of the heart muscle. It can show parts of the heart that are not receiving enough blood due to blocked arteries. Reduced blood flow or damaged areas seen on the scan help confirm that heart muscle injury is contributing to cardiogenic shock.

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring (Swan–Ganz Catheterisation)

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring using a Swan–Ganz catheter (also called a pulmonary artery catheter) is a specialised test performed in critically ill patients to directly measure how well the heart is pumping. In cardiogenic shock, the catheter typically shows low cardiac output, meaning the heart is not pumping enough blood, along with high filling pressures, indicating that blood is backing up into the lungs because the heart cannot push it forward effectively.

✅Stages of cardiogenic shock (SCAI classification of cardiogenic shock)

Cardiogenic shock does not always happen suddenly. It progresses through different stages. Doctors use the SCAI classification (Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions) to describe the severity and guide treatment decisions. The following are the SCAI cardiogenic shock classifications:

  • Stage A (at risk): In this stage, the patient is at risk of developing cardiogenic shock but maintains normal blood pressure (SBP ≥90 mmHg) and organ perfusion (e.g., normal lactate <2 mmol/L). It commonly happens after a large heart attack, such as a severe myocardial infarction, or during acute decompensated heart failure. Although there are no signs of shock yet, close monitoring and early treatment are essential to prevent progression.


  • Stage B (beginning or pre-shock): This early/mild shock features borderline hypotension or reduced cardiac power output without overt hypoperfusion (lactate <2 mmol/L). The blood pressure may start to drop, and the heart may show signs of reduced pumping capacity. However, there is no clear evidence of organ damage yet. The patient may feel weak, dizzy, or experience shortness of breath; prompt medical care can reverse this stage.


  • Stage C (classic cardiogenic shock): At this stage, the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's demand, leading to low blood pressure (SBP <90 mmHg or need for medications to maintain it) and clear signs of poor perfusion. Patients may also experience cold, clammy skin, reduced urine output, and confusion as a result of reduced cerebral blood flow. This is a medical emergency that requires prompt intensive care management.


  • Stage D (deteriorating): At this stage, the patient’s condition worsens despite initial treatments such as fluids, medications (vasopressors or inotropes) or early mechanical support. Blood pressure remains dangerously low, and organ function continues to decline. Stronger medications, mechanical support devices (like a heart pump device), or emergency procedures may be needed.


  • Stage E (extremis): This is the most severe stage. The heart is failing to such a degree that circulation nearly stops, or the patient may experience cardiac arrest. Blood pressure is critically low, and multiple organs may begin to fail due to a lack of oxygen. Immediate life-saving interventions like cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and advanced mechanical support are required.

✅Cardiogenic shock differential diagnosis

When a patient presents with hypotension and signs of poor organ perfusion. Several other heart and non-heart conditions can produce similar symptoms, such as low blood pressure, breathlessness, chest pain, and poor organ function. Doctors must carefully differentiate these conditions because treatment varies depending on the cause.

The following are usually considered as differential diagnoses of cardiogenic shock:

  • Hypovolemic shock: This occurs due to severe blood or fluid loss (such as trauma, internal bleeding, or dehydration). Like cardiogenic shock, blood pressure drops and organs receive less blood. However, in hypovolemic shock, the heart muscle is usually normal, and the main problem is reduced blood volume. 
  • Septic shock: This results from a severe infection that causes widespread inflammation and low blood pressure. Patients may have fever, infection, and abnormal lab results. In the early stages, the heart may pump normally or even strongly. Unlike cardiogenic shock, the problem is mainly due to dilated blood vessels rather than heart pump failure.

  • Acute coronary syndrome: It presents with chest pain and ECG changes similar to those seen in cardiogenic shock. However, not all ACS cases lead to shock. Cardiogenic shock is diagnosed when ACS is accompanied by persistent low blood pressure and signs of organ failure.

  • Aortic regurgitation: In aortic regurgitation, the heart valve between the left ventricle and aorta does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backwards. Severe acute cases can cause low blood pressure and heart failure symptoms.

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): It is a condition in which the heart chambers enlarge and weaken over time. It can cause chronic heart failure and, in severe cases, lead to cardiogenic shock. 

  • Myocardial infarction: This is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock. However, not all heart attacks lead to shock. Cardiogenic shock is diagnosed when a large area of heart muscle is damaged, resulting in severe pump failure, low blood pressure, and organ dysfunction.

  • Pulmonary embolism: A large blood clot in the lungs can cause sudden breathlessness, chest pain, and low blood pressure. This may resemble cardiogenic shock. However, the problem lies in the blockage of lung blood vessels rather than the failure of the left heart pump. 

  • Myocarditis: This is inflammation of the heart muscle, often due to infection or autoimmune disease. It can weaken the heart’s pumping ability and sometimes lead to cardiogenic shock.

  • Obstructive shock (cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax): This can resemble cardiogenic shock because both cause low blood pressure and poor organ perfusion. However, in obstructive shock, the heart muscle is usually normal. The problem is external pressure that prevents the heart from filling or pumping effectively.

  • Neurogenic shock: This may also mimic cardiogenic shock due to severe low blood pressure. However, it occurs because of loss of nervous system control over blood vessels, usually after spinal injury. The heart muscle is typically normal. A slow heart rate is common in neurogenic shock, whereas cardiogenic shock usually causes a fast heart rate.

  • Right ventricular infarction: It is a heart attack affecting the right side of the heart. It can cause low blood pressure similar to cardiogenic shock. However, the main pumping chamber (left ventricle) may still work normally. The problem is reduced blood flow from the right side of the heart.

✅Treatment goals of cardiogenic shock

The primary goals of cardiogenic shock treatment are to:

  • Restore adequate blood pressure: In cardiogenic shock, blood pressure drops dangerously low because the heart cannot pump effectively. Restoring blood pressure ensures that organs like the brain and kidneys receive enough blood.

  • Improve cardiac output: Since pump failure is the main problem, improving cardiac output is essential. Medications called inotropes help the heart contract more strongly, and in severe cases, mechanical devices such as intra-aortic balloon pumps or ventricular assist devices may be used to support circulation.

  • Ensure sufficient oxygen delivery: Providing sufficient oxygen delivery via masks or ventilators improves oxygen levels in the blood circulation. Improving heart function and circulation also ensures oxygen reaches vital organs, preventing further tissue damage.

  • Treat the underlying cause: Cardiogenic shock occurs due to a large heart attack, severe valve problem, or arrhythmia. Treating the root cause is crucial for recovery and preventing recurrence.

  • Prevent organ failure: Poor circulation can damage the kidneys, liver, brain, and other organs. Early and aggressive treatment helps maintain blood flow and prevents permanent organ injury.

  • Stabilise the patient quickly: Rapid stabilisation in an intensive care unit, with continuous monitoring and advanced support, is essential to improve survival. The sooner circulation is restored and the cause treated, the better the outcome.

Get Medical Second Opinion for Cardiogenic Shock Treatment for Better Clarification

At PACE Hospitals, we are committed to providing our patients with the best possible care, and that includes offering second medical opinions with super specialists for treatment or surgery. We recommend everyone to get an expert advance medical second opinion, before taking decision for your treatment or surgery.

Medical management of cardiogenic shock focuses on rapid stabilisation, restoring blood flow, improving cardiac output, and preventing organ damage. Treatment is usually provided in an intensive care unit (ICU) by an interventional cardiologist and a critical care specialist. The following are treatments for cardiogenic shock:

Non-pharmacological management

  • Oxygen therapy and ventilatory support
  • Hemodynamic monitoring
  • Fluid management
  • Mechanical circulatory support
  • Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)
  • Ventricular assist devices (VAD)
  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
  • Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)


Pharmacological management

  • Vasopressors
  • Inotropes
  • Antithrombotic agents
  • Diuretics 
  • Vasodilators
  • Antiarrhythmics


Surgical & procedural interventions

  • Revascularisation
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
  • Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
  • Mechanical repair
  • Heart transplantation


Non-pharmacological management 

The first step in managing cardiogenic shock is stabilizing the patient and supporting vital organs. This include:

  • Oxygen Therapy and Ventilatory Support: In cardiogenic shock, poor heart pumping leads to reduced oxygen delivery to the body and fluid buildup in the lungs. Oxygen therapy increases the amount of oxygen in the blood. If breathing becomes severely difficult, a ventilator may be used to support breathing, improve oxygen levels, and reduce the workload on the heart.
  • Hemodynamic Monitoring: Close monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen levels, urine output, and, in some cases, heart pressures (via catheters) allows doctors to determine the severity of the shock. Continuous monitoring enables prompt treatment modifications to ensure enough blood flow and prevent organ damage.
  • Fluid Management: Fluids must be managed carefully in cardiogenic shock. Doctors may give small amounts if needed, but sometimes diuretics are used to remove extra fluid from the lungs. The goal is to keep fluid levels balanced so the heart works better without causing overload.
  • Mechanical Circulatory Support: When the heart is too weak to pump blood effectively, then mechanical devices may temporarily support circulation.
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP): This device is inserted into the aorta and inflates and deflates in rhythm with the heartbeat. It improves blood flow to the coronary arteries and reduces the heart’s workload, helping the weakened heart pump more effectively.
  • Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD): These are mechanical pumps that help one or both ventricles pump blood to the body. They are used in severe cases when the heart cannot maintain circulation despite medications.
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): ECMO is an advanced life-support system that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs. Blood is pumped outside the body, oxygenated, and returned to circulation. It is used in life-threatening cases when the heart needs time to recover.
  • Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT): Poor blood flow in cardiogenic shock can harm the kidneys, causing fluid collection and toxin accumulation. Continuous dialysis softly and steadily removes excess fluid and waste products, thereby improving kidney function and maintaining stable blood pressure.


Pharmacological Management 

Medications for cardiogenic shock aim to improve blood pressure, provide strength to heart contractions, restore blood flow, and prevent further complications. These drugs are usually given in an intensive care setting under close monitoring.

  • Vasopressors: Vasopressors are the first-line drugs for cardiogenic shock, which help raise dangerously low blood pressure by tightening blood vessels. In cardiogenic shock, blood pressure falls because the heart cannot pump effectively. By increasing vascular tone, vasopressors help maintain blood flow to vital organs like the brain and kidneys until heart function improves.
  • Inotropes: Inotropes are used in patients with cardiogenic shock who have low cardiac output and signs of poor organ perfusion, especially when blood pressure remains low despite adequate fluid resuscitation. These help to increase the strength of heart muscle contraction. Since the main problem in cardiogenic shock is weak pumping, these medications help improve cardiac output. Stronger contractions allow the heart to push more blood forward, improving circulation and oxygen delivery to tissues.
  • Antithrombotic Agents: Antithrombotic drugs (including antiplatelets and anticoagulants) prevent blood clots from forming or enlarging. These medications help restore and maintain blood flow in the arteries and reduce further clot-related damage.
  • Diuretics: This helps to remove excess fluid from the body by increasing urine output. In cardiogenic shock, blood can back up into the lungs, causing fluid accumulation and breathing difficulty. Diuretics reduce lung congestion and improve breathing, especially when fluid overload is present.
  • Vasodilators: Vasodilators help to relax and dilate blood vessels, reducing the resistance against which the heart must pump. This lowers the workload on the heart and can improve forward blood flow. However, they are used carefully, as they may lower blood pressure further if the patient is unstable.
  • Antiarrhythmics: Abnormal heart rhythms can worsen pump failure and reduce cardiac output. Antiarrhythmic medications help control dangerous fast or irregular heartbeats, allowing the heart to pump more effectively and maintain stable circulation.


Surgical & Procedural Interventions 

When cardiogenic shock is caused by a severe heart problem that cannot be corrected with medicines alone, urgent procedures or surgery may be required. These interventions include:

  • Revascularisation: Revascularisation is a medical procedure used to restore blood flow to the heart muscle. Since the most common cause of cardiogenic shock is a large heart attack due to a blocked coronary artery, reopening the blocked vessel can be life-saving.
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): PCI (angioplasty with stent placement) is a minimally invasive procedure in which a thin tube is inserted through a blood vessel to reach the blocked coronary artery. A balloon is inflated to open the blockage, and a stent is placed to keep the artery open. By restoring blood supply to the heart muscle quickly, PCI improves heart function, increases cardiac output, and can reverse cardiogenic shock if done early.
  • Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (heart bypass): CABG is open-heart surgery in which surgeons create a new pathway for blood to flow around blocked arteries using blood vessels taken from another part of the body. This improves the blood supply to damaged heart muscle. CABG is usually considered when multiple arteries are severely blocked, or PCI is not suitable. 
  • Mechanical Repair: In some cases, cardiogenic shock occurs due to sudden structural damage to the heart, such as valve rupture, papillary muscle rupture, or a hole in the heart wall (ventricular septal rupture) after a heart attack. Surgical repair or valve replacement corrects the mechanical defect, allowing the heart to pump blood effectively again. 
  • Heart Transplantation: In rare and severe cases where the heart is permanently damaged and does not recover despite all treatments, heart transplantation may be considered. The failing heart is replaced with a healthy donor heart. This restores normal pumping function and circulation.

✅Cardiogenic shock prognosis

Cardiogenic shock is a medical emergency with a high risk of death even with modern ICU care. In large contemporary datasets, overall, in-hospital mortality is commonly around ~35-50% (and varies by cause and severity). When cardiogenic shock happens after an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), many studies reported mortality of roughly ~40–50% despite rapid treatment and revascularisation.

Prognosis strongly depends on how advanced the shock is. The SCAI shock stages show step-by-step worsening risk: patients in early stages generally do better, while those in advanced stages (especially with cardiac arrest, very high lactate, or multi-organ failure) have much higher mortality. Survivors also remain at higher risk of complications and future hospitalisations, so close follow-up and heart-failure care are important even after recovery from the initial episode.

Cardiogenic Shock Treatment Cost in Hyderabad, India

The cost of cardiogenic shock treatment in Hyderabad generally ranges from ₹2,00,000 to ₹18,00,000 and above (approx. US $2,410 – US $21,700).

The exact cost of treatment varies depending on the underlying cause (massive heart attack, severe heart failure, myocarditis, valve rupture, or arrhythmias), severity of shock, number of organs affected, duration of ICU stay, need for ventilator support, inotropic medications, mechanical circulatory support (IABP, Impella, ECMO), emergency angioplasty or surgery, and overall patient condition. Advanced cardiac ICU facilities, interventional procedures, and availability of cashless treatment options, TPA corporate tie-ups, and insurance support also influence the total cost.


Cost Breakdown According to Type of Cardiogenic Shock Treatment

  • Cardiogenic Shock with ICU Monitoring & Medications – ₹2,00,000 – ₹4,50,000 (US $2,410 – US $5,420)
  • Cardiogenic Shock with Emergency Angioplasty – ₹3,50,000 – ₹7,50,000 (US $4,210 – US $9,040)
  • Shock Requiring Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) – ₹4,00,000 – ₹8,50,000 (US $4,820 – US $10,250)
  • Shock With Mechanical Ventilation & Multi-Organ Support – ₹5,00,000 – ₹12,00,000 (US $6,020 – US $14,460)
  • Advanced Mechanical Circulatory Support (ECMO / Impella) – ₹8,00,000 – ₹18,00,000+ (US $9,640 – US $21,700+)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Cardiogenic Shock

  • Is cardiogenic shock a medical emergency?

    Yes, cardiogenic shock is classified as a life-threatening medical emergency. It causes dangerously low blood pressure and reduced blood supply to important organs. Organ failure can occur within hours if not treated immediately. It is most typically seen following a serious heart attack. Early detection and prompt treatment in an intensive care unit dramatically improve survival. 

  • Can young people develop cardiogenic shock?

    Cardiogenic shock is more common in older adults, especially after a major heart attack, but it can also occur in younger individuals. Conditions such as severe heart muscle inflammation (myocarditis), congenital heart disease, drug toxicity, or serious rhythm disturbances may lead to cardiogenic shock in young patients. Although less common , early recognition is critical because rapid treatment improves the chance of survival.


  • Which Is the best hospital for Cardiogenic Shock Treatment in Hyderabad, India?

    PACE Hospitals, Hyderabad, is a trusted centre for the emergency management of cardiogenic shock and advanced cardiac critical care.


    We have highly experienced interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, intensivists, critical care specialists, anesthesiologists, and cardiac ICU teams who follow evidence-based emergency protocols focused on restoring heart function, stabilising blood pressure, protecting vital organs, and preventing further complications.


    We provide advanced facilities and 24/7 cath lab services, advanced cardiac ICUs, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, ventilator support, IABP, ECMO, and emergency cardiac surgery facilities, PACE Hospitals ensures rapid intervention and comprehensive cardiogenic shock management.

  • Does early treatment improve survival in cardiogenic shock?

    Yes, early treatment significantly improves survival. Studies show that rapid restoration of blood flow, especially early revascularisation in heart attack–related shock, can reduce mortality. Prompt use of medications to support blood pressure and timely mechanical support when needed can prevent organ failure. Treatment delays are associated with worse outcomes. 

  • What Is the cost of Cardiogenic Shock Treatment at PACE Hospitals, Hyderabad?

    At PACE Hospitals, Hyderabad, the cost of cardiogenic shock treatment typically ranges from ₹1,90,000 to ₹16,50,000 and above (approx. US $2,290 – US $19,900), making it a competitive option for advanced cardiac emergency care. However, the final cost depends on:

    • Underlying cardiac condition
    • Duration of ICU stay
    • Need for emergency angioplasty or surgery
    • Requirement for ventilator or dialysis support
    • Mechanical circulatory support devices used
    • Specialist consultations and monitoring
    • Diagnostic tests (ECHO, angiography, blood tests)
    • Medications, consumables, and critical care support

    After immediate stabilisation and cardiac evaluation, our specialists provide a transparent cost estimate based on the patient’s condition and required level of intensive support.

  • What is the first aid treatment for cardiogenic shock?

    Cardiogenic shock is a medical emergency. Immediate professional medical care is required.

    Before hospital care:

    Call emergency services immediately

    Keep the patient lying flat

    If conscious, keep the person calm and still

    Loosen tight clothing

    Do not give food or drink

    If trained, check breathing and pulse

    Critical "Don'ts"

    DO NOT give anything by mouth (food or drink), as this can cause choking.

    DO NOT allow the person to walk, run, or drive themselves to the hospital.

    DO NOT wait to see if symptoms improve; every minute is vital to prevent permanent organ damage.

    Hospital treatment usually includes oxygen, medications to support blood pressure, urgent treatment of a heart attack if present, and sometimes mechanical heart support.

  • What is the survival rate of patients with cardiogenic shock?

    Cardiogenic shock survival varies depending on the underlying cause, how quickly treatment is initiated, and access to advanced therapies, with overall in-hospital mortality ranging from approximately 35% to 50%. AMI-related cases show ~40-50% mortality despite timely PCI, though select PCI/MCS cohorts achieve ~50-65% survival in registries. Early revascularization significantly improves outcomes vs. medical therapy alone (e.g., SHOCK trial: 46.7% vs 56.0% mortality at 6 months).

  • Looking for the best Cardiogenic Shock Treatment Hospital Near Me?

    If you’re searching for the top cardiac emergency hospital near me in areas like HITEC City, Madhapur, Kondapur, Gachibowli, Kukatpally, or KPHB, it is essential to choose a hospital with a fully equipped cardiac ICU and 24/7 interventional cardiology services.

    Cardiogenic shock requires:

    • Immediate emergency admission
    • Rapid cardiac evaluation (ECHO / ECG / Angiography)
    • Advanced hemodynamic monitoring
    • Mechanical circulatory support if needed
    • Multidisciplinary cardiac critical care

    At PACE Hospitals, Hyderabad, patients receive protocol-driven emergency cardiac care supported by advanced cath lab and ICU infrastructure.

What is cardiogenic shock treatment?

Treatment of cardiogenic shock focuses on restoring blood flow and supporting the heart's pumping function. Early treatment includes oxygen, careful intravenous fluids administration, and medications that can improve blood pressure(BP) and heart contraction. Emergency procedures like coronary angioplasty with stenting are required if a heart attack is the cause. In severe cases, mechanical support devices like an intra-aortic balloon pump or ventricular assist devices may be used in intensive care.

How is cardiogenic shock diagnosed?

Diagnosis of cardiogenic shock requires a thorough clinical assessment and urgent medical investigations. Doctors generally evaluate symptoms such as low blood pressure, cold skin, confusion, and reduced urine output. Electrocardiogram and blood tests help to detect a heart attack or heart damage. Echocardiography is commonly used to assess heart pumping function. In critical care settings, hemodynamic monitoring measures cardiac output and filling pressures.

What happens to the organs during shock?

During cardiogenic shock, organs do not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. The brain may cause confusion or loss of consciousness. The kidneys may produce less urine and can fail if poor circulation continues. The liver and intestines may also become injured. When blood flow remains low for a prolonged period, cells begin to die. This process is called organ failure and can become irreversible if circulation is not restored quickly.

How does ECMO provide support in cardiogenic shock?

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation provides temporary life support when the heart cannot pump enough blood to sustain the body. In cardiogenic shock, venoarterial (VA) ECMO is used. It removes blood from a vein, adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide through an external machine, and then returns the oxygenated blood into an artery. This supports circulation and maintains blood flow to vital organs while allowing the heart time to recover or until further treatment is performed.

How is cardiogenic shock differentiated from septic shock?

Cardiogenic shock
This develops when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. A heart ultrasound commonly reveals reduced pumping strength and poor blood flow from the heart. Blood pressure is low, and signs of fluid buildup in the lungs may be present. Infection markers in blood tests are usually absent unless another condition exists. Treatment focuses on improving heart function and restoring circulation.

Septic shock

This occurs due to a severe infection that provokes widespread inflammation and dangerously low blood pressure. Heart pumping may appear normal or even increased in the early stages. Blood tests typically show clear signs of infection and inflammation. Fever or evidence of infection is often present. Treatment approaches include urgent antibiotics, fluid replacement, and control of the infection source.

What are the five stages of cardiogenic shock?

The SCAI classification system defines the following stages of cardiogenic shock are:

  • Stage A (At risk): The patient is at risk for developing cardiogenic shock but has normal blood pressure and organ function, with no signs of decreased perfusion.
  • Stage B (Beginning): Early warning signs, such as low blood pressure or fast heart rate, appear without obvious signs of organ damage. 
  • Stage C (Classic shock): Ongoing hypotension accompanied by signs of inadequate organ perfusion, such as cool extremities, confusion, or reduced urine production.
  • Stage D (Deteriorating): The situation gets worse even with initial treatment, needing more powerful medicines or mechanical heart support. 
  • Stage E (Extremis): The most serious stage, defined by near cardiac arrest or cardiac arrest that needs immediate resuscitation.

When is invasive monitoring needed in cardiogenic shock?

Doctors use invasive monitoring when a patient with cardiogenic shock remains unstable and does not get better after the first treatments.

This approach is usually needed when:

  • Blood pressure remains very low despite medications
  • There are signs that organs like the kidneys, brain, or liver are not getting enough blood
  • The cause of shock is unclear
  • Strong medicines or mechanical heart support devices are being considered
  • Fluid levels in the body are difficult to assess

Invasive monitoring usually involves placing a thin tube (catheter) into a blood vessel to measure heart pressures and blood flow more accurately. This helps doctors choose the correct medicines and decide whether devices such as mechanical pumps are required.

What is the cause of death in cardiogenic shock?

The most common cause of death in cardiogenic shock is progressive failure of multiple vital organs due to severely reduced blood flow from the heart. When the heart cannot pump enough blood, organs like brain, kidneys, and liver do not receive sufficient oxygen. Prolonged low blood pressure can lead to multi-organ failure, severe metabolic imbalance, and cardiac arrest. Fatal rhythm disturbances (dangerous irregular heartbeats) and complications of a large heart attack are also major contributors to death in cardiogenic shock.

How long does cardiogenic shock last?

Cardiogenic shock usually develops rapidly, often within minutes to hours after a major heart problem such as a severe heart attack. In many cases, it occurs within the first 24 hrs after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, in some patients, it may arise more gradually over several hours as heart function worsens. Without urgent medical treatment, cardiogenic shock can quickly progress to organ failure and become life-threatening within a short period. Early medical intervention significantly improves survival and outcomes.

Is Cardiogenic Shock Treatment Covered by Insurance at PACE Hospitals?

Yes, cardiogenic shock treatment is generally covered under most health insurance policies at PACE Hospitals, subject to policy terms and approval. Since it is classified as a life-threatening medical emergency requiring ICU care and often interventional procedures, it is typically included under private insurance and corporate health plans.

At PACE Hospitals, patients can benefit from:

  • Cashless hospitalization facilities with empaneled insurance providers
  • Assistance from a dedicated insurance and TPA coordination team
  • Pre-authorization support and documentation guidance
  • Transparent cost estimates before admission
  • Support for government health schemes where applicable


Coverage depends on ICU coverage clauses, sum insured limits, device coverage (IABP/ECMO), waiting periods, and pre-existing disease conditions. Patients or attendants are encouraged to share policy details at the time of admission so the hospital’s insurance desk can verify eligibility and streamline approvals without delaying emergency care.