Advanced Orthopaedic Treatments and Surgeries

Complete Range of Orthopaedic Treatments and Procedures

At PACE Hospitals, we offer comprehensive orthopedic care for bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and the spine. Our specialists use advanced diagnostics and individualised treatment plans for injuries, degenerative conditions, sports injuries, and congenital disorders. Treatments are categorized by condition and approach, including non-surgical care, minimally invasive procedures, fracture management, and advanced surgeries.

Non-Pharmalogical Treatment

Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation

This approach helps to improve strength, flexibility, joint stability, and range of motion. Strengthening surrounding muscles reduces stress on injured joints and bones, while stretching decreases stiffness and contractures. Rehabilitation also restores proper movement patterns and prevents re-injury. It is especially helpful in arthritis, ligament injuries, back pain, post-fracture recovery, and post-surgical healing.

Bracing, Casting & Immobilization

Braces, splints, and casts stabilize injured bones and joints, allowing tissues to heal in the correct alignment. Immobilization reduces pain by limiting movement and prevents further damage. For fractures, it ensures proper bone union; for ligament injuries, it protects healing structures; and for spinal conditions, it limits excessive motion.

Lifestyle & Supportive Measures

Lifestyle modifications reduce mechanical stress on joints and the spine. Assistive devices like canes or walkers decrease joint load, particularly in knee or hip arthritis. These measures slow disease progression and improve daily function.

Weight Management

Excess body mass index (BMI) can increase pressure on weight-bearing joints like the knees, hips, and spine. Even modest weight loss significantly reduces joint stress and pain, especially in osteoarthritis.

Heat / Cold Therapy

Cold therapy reduces inflammation, swelling, and acute pain by constricting blood vessels—ideal for recent injuries like sprains or contusions. Heat therapy helps to relax muscles, improve blood circulation, and relieve stiffness, making it beneficial for chronic conditions like arthritis and muscle spasms.

Electrical / Mechanical Modalities

Modalities such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), ultrasound therapy, traction, and electrical muscle stimulation help reduce pain, improve circulation, and promote tissue healing. These treatments can decrease muscle spasm, stimulate weak muscles, and relieve nerve compression in certain spine conditions.

Patient Education & Self-Management

Educating patients about their condition empowers them to manage symptoms effectively. Learning correct exercise, posture habits, joint protection strategies, and early warning signs helps to prevent complications and recurrence. 

Pharmalogical Treatment (Medications)

Pain Relievers
Pain relievers are medicines used to reduce discomfort caused by orthopedic problems such as fractures, joint pain, muscle injuries, or after surgery. These medicines work by blocking pain signals sent to the brain or by reducing the body’s perception of pain

Anti-Inflammatory / Disease-Modifying
Many conditions cause inflammation, which leads to swelling, stiffness, and pain in joints and soft tissues. Anti-inflammatory medicines help reduce this swelling and ease pain, allowing joints to move more freely. Disease-modifying medications go a step further by slowing down the progression of certain diseases, especially autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, helping to protect joints from long-term damage.

Antibiotics
Antibiotics are used when orthopedic problems are caused by bacterial infections in the bones or joints. These medicines kill bacteria or stop them from multiplying. They are especially important in conditions such as bone infections or joint infections.

Bone-Strengthening Medications
These medicines help to improve bone density and make bones stronger. They are commonly prescribed for conditions where bones become weak or fragile, such as osteoporosis. These medicines may slow down bone loss or help the body build stronger bone tissue.

Disease-Modifying Drugs
These drugs are used to treat conditions that affect the joints and immune system over time. Instead of only relieving symptoms, these medicines work on the underlying disease process. They help reduce joint inflammation, prevent damage to cartilage and bones, and maintain joint function.

Anticoagulants / DVT Prevention
After major orthopedic surgeries or long periods of immobility, there is a risk of developing blood clots in the legs, a condition known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Anticoagulants, also called blood thinners, help prevent these clots from forming. By improving blood flow and reducing clotting, these medications lower the risk of serious complications such as pulmonary embolism.

Muscle Relaxants
These are medicines that help relieve muscle spasms, tightness, and stiffness that can occur after injuries or in spine-related conditions. These medications work by calming the signals between the nerves and muscles, allowing the muscles to relax.

Local / Injectable Medications
In this, the treatments are delivered directly into the affected area, like a joint or tendon. These injections provide targeted relief by reducing inflammation, easing pain, or improving joint lubrication. Because the medication acts directly at the problem site, patients may experience rapid relief in conditions like joint inflammation or tendon problems.

Surgical Treatment

Arthroscopic Procedures

These use a small camera (arthroscope) and tiny incisions:

ACL Reconstruction
ACL reconstruction surgery is indicated to reconstruct the ligament in the centre of the knee. This procedure is usually done with the help of knee arthroscopy by inserting a tiny camera into the knee through a small surgical cut. The surgeon will make necessary small cuts around the knee and insert medical instruments to fix or correct the abnormality. After the insertion, the surgeon will stitch with sutures and covers the area with a dressing.

Meniscus Repair
Meniscus repair will be done based on the grade of the condition (meniscus tear). The meniscus tear of grade-3 is suggested with surgeries such as either arthroscopic repair or arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, or total meniscectomy. The arthroscopic procedure is done by inserting the arthroscope to look at the tear and placing small devices like darts to stitch it. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy involves the removal of a piece of the torn meniscus to make the knee functional, whereas total meniscectomy involves the complete removal of the meniscus.

Rotator Cuff Repair
Rotator cuff (tendons and muscles that form a cuff on the shoulder) repair is a surgery used to correct a torn tendon in the shoulder. The procedure can be done with an open incision or with arthroscopy. Prior to this procedure, general anaesthesia is given. Three common techniques that are used to repair the rotator cuff tear are open repair (used for large or complex tears), shoulder arthroscopy, and mini-open repair surgery.

Joint Debridement
Debridement is referred to as the surgical removal of damaged tissue. This procedure is usually done with an arthroscopy technique and requires general or local anaesthesia; Arthroscopic debridement is an accessible treatment modality that involves chondroplasty, synovectomy, toilet lavage, and meniscectomy which aims to reduce the symptoms by removal of inflammatory factors and cartilaginous debris. It is well-indicated for mild to moderate osteoarthritis, especially in the knee and joints. Irrigation, often known as "lavage," is essential to rinse out the fluid from the knee.

Joint Aspiration
Joint aspiration is a procedure that removes the fluid from the space surrounding a joint using a needle and syringe. This procedure requires local or regional anaesthesia to relieve swelling or obtain fluid for analysis to diagnose a patient with a joint disorder or problem. Joint aspiration is mostly done on the knee. However, this procedure can also be used to remove the fluid from other joints, such as the hip, shoulder, elbow, ankle, or wrist.

Joint Distension / Hydrodilation
Joint distension, commonly known as arthrographic or hydrodialtion, is performed under local anaesthesia. This procedure initially injects a dye into the joint to visualize it clearly on an imaging device. This procedure involves injecting sterile water into the joint to expand the area and make the adhesions loose and pull away. This frees up the space near the joints and improves the range of movement. It is a less invasive and the best alternative to shoulder injury procedures.

Synovectomy
Synovectomy is a surgical procedure involving destroying or removing the synovial membrane. A synovial joint is the largest articulation, is frequently affected by chronic inflammation, and often undergoes synovectomy. Open surgical, radiation, chemical, and arthroscopic synovectomies are the surgical types indicated to remove potentially damaging synovium from the knee. The common indications for synovectomy are chronic inflammatory arthritis conditions, benign neoplastic disorders and recurrent hemarthrosis.

Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release
Carpal tunnel release is a kind of surgery indicated to treat and heal painful carpal tunnel syndrome. During this procedure, the surgeon cuts through the ligament, pressing down on the carpal tunnel, making more space for the tendons and median nerve to pass through the tunnel, thereby reducing the pain and improving the function. This outpatient procedure is usually done in traditional or open carpal tunnel release and endoscopic carpal tunnel release.

Minimally Invasive / Small Incision Procedures

These involve small incisions or device-guided techniques:

Achilles Tendon Repair
Achilles tendon repair is a type of surgery that is done to fix the damaged Achilles tendon. During this procedure, an incision is made in the backside of the calf. The surgeon will stitch the tendon if it ruptures. In some occasional scenarios, the Achilles tendon repair surgery will be minimally invasive with several small incisions. A special scope with a tiny camera and a light is used in this procedure to help or guide during the surgery.

Hammertoe Correction
Hammer toe surgery is one of the outpatient procedure which requires anaesthesia or numbing medications. The type of procedure is suggested based on the severity of the hammer toe. A flexible toe requires tendon transfer, whereas joint resection or joint fusion is suggested for stiff or fixed toes.

Tendon Repair
Tendon repair is a surgical procedure indicated to treat a damaged or torn tendon. Tendon repair surgery is commonly suggested to people with tendon injuries (lacerations and sports injuries) that are painful and make it difficult to move. The aim of this surgery is to bring back the normal movement. This procedure requires a small incision followed by sewing the torn ends of tendons; thereby, the incision is closed with stitches and dressings. Prior to the procedure, regional or local anaesthesia is given.

Prolotherapy
Prolotherapy is a type of medical therapy indicated to treat joint and muscle pain. Prolotherapy is commonly called proliferation therapy or regenerative injection therapy. This procedure involves an injection of saline or sugar substance into the muscle or sore joints, this substance acts as an irritant, and thereby the body sends the immune cells and other chemicals to the injected area, which in turn starts the natural healing process. This process is used to repair the damaged soft tissue in muscle or joint areas such as muscle tissues, nerves and blood vessels.

Visco-supplementation
Visco supplementation is a procedure where the ortho surgeon injects hyaluronic acid into the joints. This fluid reduces the pain and swelling in the joints. Before this procedure, numbing medicine is injected into the space around your knee joint, followed by draining of fluid that causes swelling and pain. This method is commonly indicated to treat arthritis conditions.

Electrical Stimulation
Electrical stimulation is a therapy developed in recent years for healing bone abnormalities or fractures related to bones. Bone stimulators are the devices that are often used in this procedure to treat fractures which are failed to heal on their own. These types of fractures are called "non-unions."

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive treatment used to treat several conditions, such as chronic plantar fasciitis, tendonitis, and Achilles tendonitis. Shockwave therapy helps to induce the body's normal healing process. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy works by using either focused shockwaves or radial pressure waves. These are outpatient procedures that last for 5–15 minutes. On turning on the ESTW machine, the instrument or shockwave gun is pressed against the affected site to deliver rapid impulses to the patient.

Open / Conventional Surgeries

These require larger incisions and direct visualization:

Arthroplasty / Joint Replacement
Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that is done to restore the functionality of a joint by resurfacing the bones. An artificial joint (often called a prosthesis) is used in this procedure. This surgical procedure is indicated when other medical treatments are no longer effective in relieving joint pain and disability.

Hip Replacement
Hip replacement, often called hip arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure used to treat hip pain. This surgery replaces parts of the hip joint with an artificial implant. Hip replacement surgery may require replacement of one or both parts. The motto of hip replacement is to allow the individual to resume daily activities and exercises.

Knee Replacement
Knee replacement, commonly called as knee athroplasty, is a surgical procedure to resurface a knee damaged due to arthritis. Metal and plastic parts are incorporated to seal the bones' ends that form a knee joint alongside the kneecap. This surgery is considered for individuals with severe arthritis or a severe knee injury.

Osteotomy
An osteotomy is a type of surgical procedure used to cut and reshape the bones. This procedure is commonly used to repair the joint and to shorten or lengthen the deformed bones. During this osteotomy procedure, general or regional anaesthesia is given prior to the procedure, and then the surgeon will make a small cut in the skin to guide a special wire that measures the bone. The section is taken out by using a special surgical saw, followed by filling the open space. Tiny screws and metal plates are commonly used in this procedure to hold the bones. The types of osteotomy are knee, hip, spine, toe, chin, and jaw.

Fracture Repair (ORIF)
Bone fracture repair is a type of surgical procedure that fixes a broken bone using pins, plates, metal screws, or rods to hold the bone in its place. This procedure is also called open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgery.

Decompression Surgery (Laminectomy / Discectomy)
Decompression surgery is indicated to treat chronic lower back pain. This surgery involves either the partial or complete removal of anatomical structures from the lumbar spine, which causes neural impingement. The types of decompression surgery are laminectomy and discectomy, whereas the procedures include open conventional and microscopic. The indications of decompression surgery are disc herniations, neurological dysfunction and spinal stenosis.

Spinal Fusion
Spinal fusion is a type of surgical procedure indicated to correct the problems that are found in the bones of vertebrae (spine). Spine fusion is a welding process done to eliminate pain and restore the spine's stability. This surgery is usually recommended when the ortho surgeon confirms the source of the pain. This procedure uses an imaging test, such as X-rays, computed tomography scans (CT-scan), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Bunionectomy
Bunion surgery, or bunionectomy, is a treatment that is used to correct bunions. A bunion (hallux valgus), is a bony bump-like structure present aside from the big toe joint. There are a few types of bunion surgery that are involved in repositioning the big toe to get relief from the pain and to improve its function. This surgery uses different techniques such as Exostectomy, Osteotomy, and Arthrodesis.

Rotator Cuff Repair (large tears)
Rotator cuff (tendons and muscles that form a cuff on the shoulder) repair is a surgery used to correct a torn tendon in the shoulder. The procedure can be done with an open incision or with arthroscopy. Prior to this procedure, general anaesthesia is given. Three common techniques that are used to repair the rotator cuff tear are open repair (used for large or complex tears), shoulder arthroscopy, and mini-open repair surgery.

Laminectomy
Laminectomy is a type of procedure involving the removal of a part or total of the vertebral bone (lamina). This procedure reduces pressure on the spinal cord or the nerve roots that are caused by injury, stenosis, herniated disc, or tumours. The laminectomy is suggested if the medical therapy is failed. This procedure is usually done for neck or back pain that continues on medical treatment or is done when the pain is due to nerve damage, such as numbness / weakness in the arms or legs.

Clubfoot Correction

Clubfoot correction is performed to treat a birth condition where a baby’s foot is twisted inward and downward. Treatment usually starts with gentle casting and stretching, followed by minor surgery if needed.

Limb Deformity Correction
This is a corrective surgery done to straighten bones that are abnormally shaped due to birth defects, injury, or disease. Surgeons carefully cut and re-align the bone, using plates, rods, or external frames. This improves limb alignment, walking pattern, joint function, and reduces pain.

Intramedullary Nailing
Intramedullary nailing is a surgical method used to treat long bone fractures (femur or tibia). A metal rod is inserted into the central canal of the bone to hold the broken pieces in proper alignment. This technique provides strong internal support, allows early movement, and helps the bone heal in the correct position.

Bone Grafting Procedures
Bone grafting is the process of transplanting healthy bone tissue into an area where bone healing is inadequate or bone is lacking. The graft can come from the patient's own body, a donor, or a synthetic source. It promotes new bone growth, strengthens the body, and aids in the healing of fractures, spinal fusions, or bone abnormalities.